HOME > EDICIONES > Año 2004, Volumen 54 - Número 2
Artículos Generales
Hiponatremia en esfuerzos de ultraresistencia: efectos sobre la salud y el rendimiento
Francisco B. Ortega Porcel, Jonatan Ruiz Ruiz, Manuel J. Castillo Garzón, Angel Gutiérrez Sainz.
Unidad de Fisiología del Ejercicio y Evaluación de la Forma Física. Departamento de Fisiología Médica. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Granada. Granada. España.
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SUMMARY
Hyponatremia in ultraendurance exercises. Effects on health and performance
Dehydration is one of the main problems associated to endurance sports. In order to avoid the negative effects of dehydration athletes tend to drink well above their current needs. The negative effect of drinking too much fluid is hyponatremia. Hyponatremia is defined as a plasma sodium concentration lower than 135mmol/L. Hyponatremia is the first cause of severe illness in ultraendurance sports and has been associated with sudden death. In this article, we analyze the causes, consequences, associated factors, therapeutic treatment and prevention of ultraendurance sports-associated hyponatremia. It is concluded that an adequate fluid ingestion is the best method to avoid hyponatremia. There is not conclusive data about the amount and necessity of sodium supplementation to avoid hyponatremia. However, it might be that it is not necessary to ingest additional sodium to prevent the development of hyponatremia in athletes who only partially replace theirs fluid losses during prolonged exercise.
Key words: Hyponatremia, overhydration, sodium, ultraendurance sports.
Recibido: 22/05/2003
Aceptado: 31/05/2004
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PRIVACIDAD | ACCESIBILIDAD
ALAN-VE ISSN 0004-0622 - Depósito Legal: pp 199602DF83
Sociedad Latinoamericana de Nutrición
Producción editorial en Venezuela: Capítulo Venezolano - RIF: J-30843129-0
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