Comunicaciones e-póster

https://doi.org/10.37527/2021.71.S1

PO 072. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FOOD INSECURITY AND DIETARY PATTERNS IN MEXICAN HOUSEHOLDS WITH COLLEGE STUDENTS

Pablo Alejandro Nava Amante1, Alejandra Betancourt-Núñez1, María Fernanda Bernal-Orozco1, Miguel Amaury Salas-García1, Barbara Vizmanos1, Andrés Díaz-López2.

1Centro Universitario De Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad De Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México, 2NUTRISAM, Rovira i Virgili University (URV), Reus, Spain.


Background and objective. Food insecurity (FI) is irregular access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food. There is limited evidence on the association between FI and dietary patterns (DPs), even less in college students. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of FI in Mexican households in which college students live, and to associate it with DPs.

Methods. Retrospective cross-sectional study, data from 7667 households, in which at least one college student lived, from the National Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2018 were analyzed. The level of FI was determined by the Mexican Food Security Scale (validated); and the DPs by Principal Component Analysis from the weekly consumption of 12 food groups. Multiple logistic regression was applied to determine the association between FI levels (mild-FI, moderate-FI, severe-FI) and DPs.

Results. FI was observed in 30.8% of the households. 16.3% were classified as mild-FI, 8.9% as moderate-FI, and 5.7% as severe-FI. The 59.8% had a medium-low socioeconomic level, and 79% were located in urban areas. Two DPs were identified that explained 33.45% of the total variance. DP1) fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, dairy products and tubers; and DP2) legumes, oils, sugars, cereals, eggs and others (condiments, coffee and tea). Compared to Food Security (FS) households, those with mild-FI (OR.0.33; 95%CI. 0.29, 0.38), moderate-FI (OR.0.19; 95%CI. 0.15, 0.23) and severe-FI (OR.0.13; 95%CI. 0.10, 0.18) were less likely to adhere to the DP1. Likewise, an inverse relationship was observed between moderate-FI (OR.0.64; 95%CI. 0.45, 0.93) and severe-FI (OR.0.43; 95%CI. 0.30, 0.64) and DP2.

Conclusions. Mexican households with FI did not adhere to a DP consisting of healthy foods (fruits and vegetables) and animal-protein-rich foods, nor did they adhere to a DP composed of Mexico’s basic food basket items.

Keywords: food insecurity, college students, dietary patterns.